Web Product Ecosystem

There are TONS of different ways to put together a full-stack application, since there are so many different front-end and back-end products and services. Just for comprehensiveness, we put together a table that aggregates all the different products and services that can be used.

If you want to iterate quickly, and do not want to dive deeper into commonly-used fully-productionized tech stack optionality, we’d recommend you jump to the common MVP tech stack.

Front-end

	Programming Languages	CSS Frameworks (pre-designed tools that make it easier to style websites quickly. Instead of writing all your CSS from scratch, these frameworks provide ready-to-use styles (e.g., button styles, grids):	Component Library (collections of reusable building blocks for websites or web apps. They provide pre-built elements like buttons, modals, navigation bars, or form fields):	Frontend Tools (software or services that help developers design, build, and test their projects more efficiently):	Frontend Project frameworks (popular libraries that enable front-end development)	API tools (allow front-end apps to communicate with back-end servers)
Front-End	HTML, CSS, Javascript, TypescriptLess common: Dart, Elm	Tailwind, Bootstrap, Material-UI, Chakra-UI	Shadcn (built off of Tailwind),	Figma (for design), Vite, npm/nvm, Storybook (for UI components)	- React (open-source JS library) - Next JS (Framework built off of React with server-side rendering)- Svelte- Angular- Vue	GraphQL, REST API

Back-end

	Programming Languages	Backend Frameworks	Backend Databases (database to store application data like user info, content, etc.)	Baas (back-end as a service)
Back-End	Python,C++/C/C#, Go/Rust (for high performance backend, Java,Ruby, PHP,	Node.js: Express.js (build on top of Node.js to provide faster/simpler API and server-side logic),Python: Flask, Django, FastAPIOthers: Ruby on Rails	SQL: PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLiteNoSQL: MongoDB, Firebase, CouchDBGraph Database: Neo4J, DgraphRedis (supports caching), Memcached, Cassandara, TimscaleDB, Kafka

Helpful to look into SQL vs. noSQL databases | Firebase, Supabase, Heroku, AWS Amplify, Backendless

What is back-end as a service? What is the alternative? |

Deployment

	Containerization and Orchestration	Hosting/Cloud platforms (Paas—Platform as a service)
Deployment	Docker, Kubernetes	AWS (Elastic Beanstalk, EC2, S3, Lambda), Google Cloud Platform (App Engine, Cloud Run, Firebase), Microsoft Azure, Heroku, Vercel, NetlifySeverless: AWS Lambda, Google Cloud Functions, Netlify FunctionsStatic: Github Pages, Vercel, Netlify